Cultural Diffusion - 1521 Words

Mr. Reeves Page 1 Cultural Diffusion in the Ancient World Throughout history, cultures have mixed all over the world, changing beliefs, creating new ones, and changing the way people look at the world along with their existence. This can be proven from anything from music to food, but is especially prevalent in world religion and the way that every culture sees their god, or gods, and how they think, worship, and even obey, in similar manners. Even though Hebrew conceptions differed from the rest of the world’s views, contact with other cultures spread many beliefs through the ages, and many culture’s ideas of a divine God were changed because of that contact. Most importantly, cultural contact has an effect on everyone because it has†¦show more content†¦Despite ridicule from peers, Noah obeys and is rewarded with a covenant from god promising no more floods to wipe out humanity. This story illustrates how powerful Yahweh really is, the wrath he has to bestow on those who do no t obey his commands and the mercy he has for those who will trust in him and do as he says. Yahweh also shows compassion in many biblical stories. In Genesis 2:18 says, â€Å"The Lord God said, ‘It is not good for man to be alone; I will make Page 4 a fitting helper for him.’ His concern for Adam’s loneliness is an example of how he is a caring god. In the story of Job, Satan takes control of Job’s possessions in order to test him. Yahweh allows all of this to happen and watches as Job loses his family, possessions, and his health. Job is picking at sores all over his skin with broken pieces of pottery as god sits by and watches, and Satan anxiously waits for Job to give it up and curse Yahweh, who he as always been faithful to. Is this really the doing of a merciful god? It’s debatable- this would probably fit under the category of just, not kind or loving. God allowing a faithful servant to be tested could be called cruel, but Yahweh gave him everything that he had to begin with, as far as the Hebrews are concerned. This Hebrew idea of a divine being differs greatly from other cultures and to some is very similar. Many cultures, such as the Mesopotamians, were polytheistic, andShow MoreRelatedCultural Diffusion: Scope or Threat1932 Words   |  8 PagesCultural Diffusion: Scope or Threat We are leaving in the age of science. Science gives us a lot of things. Though science is for our own good, some of the gifts blessed us because of proper use, and the others are destroying our life because of a massive misuse. Cultural diffusion is such an example of the second type of the gift. This was started to broad our mind and thinking, know about others, learn about others. But as we are misusing this great blessing, we are having those very littleRead MoreThe explicit presentation of the mathematics involved in the Arrhenius equation (Michels, Tsong,3200 Words   |  13 Pagestwo points. First, after hydration begins, water is no longer reacting with the pure glass. Rather it reacts with an already hydrated layer. The classic diffusion model breaks down at this point. Second, the different variables that determine the hydration rate are mutually interacting. Several researchers have observed a shift from classic diffusion between hydration-rind thickness and time to a line ar relation, based on changes in pH. In turn, pH, in a closed system, is influenced by how long theRead MoreThe Use Of Diffusion Between Cultural Participation Function And Support Veganism Essay2288 Words   |  10 Pagesvegan choice as a reasonable way to a healthy living, many Americans have seen their diet change being influenced by popular artists, such as Beyoncà ©, who endorse the idea of veganism. As mentioned by Elizabeth Cherry and her concept of the diffusion between cultural participation function and support veganism, this paper will be demonstrate how the music industry has inclined many Americans to dramatically transition their diet as omnivores to vegans. Cherry believes that there are two groups of vegans;Read MoreInternational Trade Theories, Trade, Cultural Diffusion, And Economic Trade Theory1374 Words   |  6 Pagesbase concept of international trade theories. The author will examine and critically assess the concept of international trade. This paper agrees with the economist that international trade is the interdependence of nations in terms of trade, cultural diffusion, and economic interdependency. International business trade theories are basically different theories with their concept of trade how they explain international trade. The concept of majority of economist believe that, trade is about exchangingRead MoreApplication Of A Standardized Curriculum1 302 Words   |  6 PagesIn general, literature in education studies confirms that Rogers’s model parsimoniously carries over to research in school health: several researchers have conceptualized implementation within a diffusion of innovation paradigm (Hausman Ruzek, 1995; Henderson Dancy, 2008; McCormick, Steckler, McLeroy, 1995; Parcel et al., 1989; Payne, Gottfredson, and Gottfredson, 2006; Penberthy Millar, 2002). For example, Rogers’s adoption-invention continuum has been helpful to identify which elementsRead MoreInternational Marketing: Products and Culture3476 Words   |  14 Pagesnorms, values, and behaviour patterns as by its physical or mechanical attributes. When analyzing a product for a second market, the extent of adaptation required depends on cultural differences in product use and perception between the market the product was originally developed for and the new market. The greater this cultural differences between the two markets, the greater the extent of adaptation that may be necessary. When instant cake mixes were introduced in Japan, the consumers’ responseRead More Rogers Diffusion and Adoption Research Essay1560 Words   |  7 PagesRogers Diffusion and Adoption Research Why do technology initiatives fail despite their promises and boundless possibilities? From integrating technology in education to introducing technological innovation in agriculture, users acceptance presents a complex set of challenges to innovation diffusion. According to Everett Rogers, one reason why there is so much interest in the diffusion of innovations is because getting a new idea adopted, even when it has obvious advantages, isRead MoreSocial Behavior And Social Change1559 Words   |  7 Pagesemergency. As a race, there is an expectancy to look out for one another. Researchers believe that there appear to be basic mechanisms in social animals which in turn make us want to help others (Deacon, 2013, p106). Instead, social behaviour and cultural influences that begin to be formed in early infancy, have a profound affect on the factors that determine whether or not to get involved during an emergency. Early exposure to pro-social models as well as the moral standards of a parent, contributeRead MoreExploring a Classic Case in Social Psychology Essay1058 Words   |  5 Pagesmurder. The murder of a young woman with as many as 38 witnesses and none who helped until it was too late. The bystander effect is individuals seeing an emergency situation but not helping. There are many reasons why individuals do not respond: diffusion of responsibility, not noticing or unsure if it is an emergency, and not wanting to be liable if the person still dies are a few. The Study Upon hearing of the Genovese murder John Darley and Bibb Latane conducted research and set up a studyRead MoreEmr Concerns Are Plaguing The Health Care Industry Today1416 Words   |  6 PagesHealthcare professionals, such as nurses, are on the front lines in the defense against medical errors. Closing the gap between current clinical and hospital practices and the various approaches to improving patient safety requires changes that are cultural and systemic in nature. The greatest challenge to hospitals using an EMR system is the expense of the new system, and the challenge nurses face with technology adoption in usage of EMR and protection of records. Even though spending depends on both

The Legacy of John F. Kennedy Essay - 2477 Words

Our Fellow American The late president John Fitzgerald Kennedy once said, â€Å"Sure its a big job; but I dont know anyone who can do it better than I can† (â€Å"John F. Kennedy† BrainyQuote.com). Kennedy was a young and fresh political figure at the time of his election in 1960. The thirty-fifth president of the United States was born May 29, 1917, in Brookline, Massachusetts. He was the youngest president ever, as well as the first and only Roman Catholic president (Bass, et al.). His presidency was shortened by an assassin on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas. Kennedy preceded his presidency with a term in the U.S. House of Representatives (1947-1953) and a term in the U.S. Senate (1953-1961) (â€Å"John F. Kennedy† History.com). Kennedy, a†¦show more content†¦Kennedy went on, however, to risk his political career for these same rights. In response to an outburst at the University of Mississippi after the admittance of a black student, the president said from th e oval office on June 11, 1963, â€Å"It ought to be possible, in short, for every American to enjoy the privileges of being American without regard to his race or his color. In short, every American ought to have the right to be treated as he would wish to be treated, as one would wish his children to be treated.† Despite Kennedy’s assassination shortly after this proclamation, the Civil Rights Act passed through Congress just weeks later under President Johnson. As JFK intended, the Civil Rights Act afforded equal rights to whites and blacks alike (Kozak). Kennedy is remembered for following through on promises made during his campaign. One of Kennedy’s memorable feats in domestic affairs was the advancement of our space program (Armstrong, Lovell, Cernan). In a 1961 address to Congress he said, â€Å"First, I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth. No single space project in this period will be more impressive to mankind, or more important for the long-range exploration of space; and none will be so difficult or expensive to accomplish. We propose to accelerate the development of the appropriate lunar space craft.†Show MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of John F. Kennedy1176 Words   |  5 PagesJohn F. Kennedy did a lot for our country although his presidential term was cut short. He had a certain allure to him that Americans liked. Kennedy knew what to do to gain the votes of all different types of voters no matter their age, race, or religion. His campaign and presidency have inspired even today’s presidents and presidential candidates in multiple ways. John F. Kennedy was a spectacular man and president that brought a fresh feel to America and w ho left a legacy that will never be forgottenRead MoreThe Legacy of John F. Kennedy1129 Words   |  5 PagesPresidents relate in life and none in death. Most people know John F. Kennedy as the 35th President of the United States, the youngest president, and one of fewest presidents that was killed. But what was JFKs legacy? JFK was born on May, 29th, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts, a quiet, clam suburb in Boston. As a child John F. Kennedy was mostly referred to the name Jack, by friends and family. His parents, Rose and Joseph Kennedy were too involved with social rank and their place in BostonsRead MoreThe Legacy of John F. Kennedy1917 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is a legacy? Is it strictly a visible, touchable object? A legacy is not just an object that people can see; it can be a dream or an idea. Although his life came to a tragic end, John F. Kennedy was one of the many presidents that served his term of presidency with compassion and dedication, and also, he left behind an unforgettable legacy to live on for the generations to come. His legacy was both an idea and dream that still affects many Americans today, as he led people to believe that heRead MoreThe Legacy Of John F. Kennedy1085 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy made history as America’s youngest and first Catholic President. JFK, or â€Å"Jack† Kennedy, was born into a wealthy family, who were considered American royalty. Jack Kennedy was only our President for a few short years, but the stories of his assassination and his legacy live on today. President Kennedy was easily one of America’s most famous leaders of all time. John F. Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, on May 29, 1917. Jack was the second of nine children bornRead MoreThe Legacy Of John F Kennedy1142 Words   |  5 PagesThe Democrat that stood with his hand on the living holy scripture would not only be known as the youngest man to enter the sacred halls of the White House, but also as the one that entrusted his heart and soul for the love of his nation. John Fitzgerald Kennedy recited what seemed like ancient words bound within the inaugural speech with more than a noticeable Boston pronunciation. The unforeseen knowledge that this young senator would be the victim of a deadly attack left the world innocent. ThisRead MoreThe Legacy Of John F. Kennedy980 Words   |  4 PagesBorn in 1917, John F. Kennedy grew up in a wealthy family with influence both politically, and economically. His grandfather was a famous politician, his father a billionaire, and his brothers he grew up with would go on to become well known politicians . Growing up in a family like this, it would appear hard to distinguish yourself, however, JFK would go on to surpass them all by becoming the 35th, and perhaps most beloved president of the United States. As president JFK was popular. He was youngRead MoreThe Legacy Of John F. Kennedy1879 Words   |  8 PagesUnited State of America which was John F. Kennedy has been assassinated. Lyndon’s purpose of the speech was comfort America after the death of John F. Kennedy and also to insure America that with this horrific tragedy that America has to go through he will continue the act of the forward thrust of America that John F. Kennedy had begun to do while he was in was the President. Also Johnson ensures America that John F. Kennedy will live on with us. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the youngest president heRead MoreThe Legacy Of John F. Kennedy1480 Words   |  6 Pagesvice president had given him prominence and experience where communism was concerned.. Democrats, meanwhile, nominated the relatively unknown John F. Kennedy, a young but accomplished senator from Massachusetts who had served with distinction in World War II and had won a Pulitzer Prize for his 1956 book Profiles in Courage .At only forty-three years old, Kennedy exuded a youthful confidence that contrasted sharply with Nixon’s serious demeanor—a contrast that was plainly evident in the first-ever liveRead MoreThe Legacy Of John F. Kennedy Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesOn November 22, 1963 the lives of John F. Kennedy, Harvey Lee Oswald, Jack Ruby, Jacqueline Kennedy-Onassis, Lyndon B. Johnson. John Connally, Abraham Zupruder, and several others , all took a dramatic turning point. On November 22, 1963 President John Fittzgerald Kennedy was assassinated in the Dealey Plaza of Dallas Texas. Less than two hours later CBS News showed Harvey Lee Oswald in handcuffs at Dallas Police Headquarters. Harvey Lee Oswald was born October 18, 1939 in New Orleans, LouisianaRead MoreLeadership And Legacy Of John F. Kennedy1388 Words   |  6 PagesJohn F. Kennedy His Leadership Legacy John F. Kennedy was born on May 29, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts and was known as (Jack). He was the son of Joseph P. Kennedy, an ambassador to Great Britain during Franklin D. Roosevelt administration. The Kennedy’s were one of the wealth family in American. He was one of the most important leader in America. When he graduated from Harvard University in 1940 he wrote a winning note with his publication of â€Å"Why England Slept†, it was an expansion

The Social and Economic Benefits of an Immigration Reform Free Essays

Race and Ethnicity in the United States Dr. Carl Paris John Jay College of Criminal Justice Immigration reform has been a cornerstone on the last three presidential campaigns, on Bush’s second term and on both of Obama’s. It has the power to turn around an election because it would automatically grant the Hispanic vote to the candidate that commits to the best plan. We will write a custom essay sample on The Social and Economic Benefits of an Immigration Reform or any similar topic only for you Order Now At this moment, an immigration reform would bring great improvement in the economic status of the United States bringing a bigger workforce nd an increase in population that would mean bigger revenue for the government. Along with the economical capacity that approving an immigration reform, it also brings a wave a culture that would enrich the basis of the foundation of the United States, diversity. An immigration reform can open the doors for many professionals that could refresh the ideas of the United States and provide with a different perspective of the solutions out there for the problem we face. An immigrant is defined as a person who leaves his home nation and goes to a foreign one, usually ermanently, in search for an improvement. There are a lot of push and pull factors that encourage someone to leave their homeland. Economic difficulties, religious or ethnic persecution and political unrest are some factors that push immigrants from their nations, for example, some immigrants from Syria can flee their country in fear of a civil war pushing them to another country. The perceptions of a better life ahead or a desire to Join their family abroad are factors that pull immigrants to other nations, for example, a Mexican immigrant that leaves her country to reunite with her usband in the united states now that he has established himself better . The economic status in the United States is a shaky one at this moment. The government has had to force itself into shutdowns because they cannot come to an agreement on how to invest tax money more efficiently. This in turn affects the vast population of the country, which is composed of the middle and lower classes. Budget cuts have been made that affect public assistance programs, schools and national agencies and security. The unemployment rate continues to be above 7% without any signs of going below that and it ncreases to 1 % tor people between the ages ot 1 There are over 40 million immigrants according to the Census in 2010, plus an estimate of 12 million undocumented immigrants that reside in the United States without proper documents. Each fall down on one of these three categories: naturalized citizens, foreign-born people who went through a congress mandated process to become a citizen of the united states; travel/working visa holders, foreign- born who undergo a process predetermined by their nations to be able to travel outside of their country; an undocumented immigrant; people who gain access not hrough the proper measures of the law, like crossing the border without papers or overstaying their visas, and are, therefore, breaking it. All of the people above have one goal in mind and is to provide a better life for themselves and the people they care about. This aspect of life, immigration, has been the cornerstone for many civilizations in the past and it still remains as such. Such a high rate of immigration has been due to the great chain immigration. The first people who immigrate pave the roads for those who follow, usually family members. They in turn tell the next group who come and so on. The current immigrant population is composed of Latinos from South America and the Caribbean and Asia along with traces of Europe and the Middle East. Illegal immigration poses a problem to United States and its people. Millions of illegal immigrants are â€Å"taking† the Jobs where an American could have thrived and are getting paid less for it and therefore are desirable to business owners. Also, being that these immigrants are undocumented they are evading tax collection, which hinders the country. Something must be done to prevent this. There is a list of measures being taken right now. Most are highly inefficient and costly; hey may even be on of the reason why our economy is dwindling. One of them is that federal officials trying to track the nearly 12 million undocumented immigrants and the approximately 5 millions who overstayed their visas. This in turn is an impossible task with a highly expensive bill; expensive is not favored by the major public. The search and deportation could cost over a whopping $200 billion, not included the man power of law enforcement that would be used for such a task force diverting them from more important duties. A study by the Bipartisan Policy Center that an immigration reform could carry a 4. percent increase in the United States’ economy and reduce the countrys deficit by $1. 2 trillion in a period of 20 years . Opening the doors for immigrants could help the United States attract individuals with proper skills. These incoming people, hard-working as they are, would not be taking Jobs from the non-immigrant American as common speculation suggest. Instead, they would man the positions that no one else wants like cleaning toilets in a hotel or picking fruits in the agricultural field. Immigrants do not compete against the native-born American for Jobs instead they complement each other because mmigrants take the low-paying Jobs that American would reject or not apply to. An increase in population would mean a larger contribution to government revenue, which can be used to fund programs for better education and protect our nation more efficiently. An increase in government revenue can also alleviate the tax percentage that an individual pays back to the IRS. Immigrants that come from with enough resources can establish small businesses and create Jobs. By the increase of diversity, there will be an increase in consumer market. The bigger the population means the higher the demand. Higher demands mean higher production ot itterent goods and services allowing the way for businesses, big and small, to grow and thrive. Immigration is one of the aspects that have greatly shaped the United States for over 400 years. How to cite The Social and Economic Benefits of an Immigration Reform, Papers

Case Customer free essay sample

Pick two of the values and explain how you think those values would influence the way employees do their work. ) Create fun and a little weirdness is one of the 10 Zappos’ values, I liked this corporate value a lot because in order for every employee to do his/her work in a good way, they have to have a little fun once in a while to make the work interesting and exciting for everyone, in this company they laugh at themselves every once in a while, and being a little weird requires being a little innovative, this way really bring success, and it’s a key to their survival, and also that way the employee does not feel that the work is boring, this value encourages people to think outside the box and be more innovative. This fun at work ends up being a win-win for everyone, employees are more engaged in the work that they do and the company as a whole becomes more innovative. b) Build open and honest relationship with communication is another corporate values; open and honest relationship is the key to develop emotional connections and it also build trust between the sellers and also between the employees. If there is trust, the company will accomplish much more than its expected. Trust make everyone in the company feel strong and success because when they are honest with their costumers, the costumers will come again and again and bring more people, at that moment all the employees will be happy because they do good relationship and build trust with their costumers. Also, to make the company grows, communication has to become more and more important because everyone needs to understand how his/her team connects to the big picture of what were trying to accomplish. And that how this value influence a lot on the employees work. 2) Using this list of corporate values and Exhibit 2-4 describe Zappos’ organizational culture. In which areas would you say that zappos’ culture is very high (or typical)? Explain. The area I would say that Zappos’ culture is very high in is stability and attention to detail because In the first one which is stability I saw in his 10 culture values that he was always tring to make every thing in his company feel good for the customer and also for the employees. For instance, hen he gave his employees extra food, or having fun with them once in a while to make them feel good about work and not to feel that this company is boring. The second one which I think that Zappos’ is very high in it; attention to detail, Hsieh was always looking to build trust between him and his costumer and his employees also, and he was always attention to every employee life and personality and they celebrate and embrace their diversity and each persons individuality. Hsieh wants people to express their personality in their work, so they can be more active and work better. ) How did Zappos’ corporate culture begin? Zappos corporate culture began with  a guy who decided to buy a shoe online. Hsieh tried looking for his shoes online and was again unsuccessful. Although there were a lot of pop stores selling shoes online, what was interesting to Hsieh was that there was no major online retailer that specialized in shoes. So, since it was 1999 and anything seemed possible at that time, Hsieh decided to quit his day job and start an online shoe retailer  and in that day, Zappos was born. Also His epiphany was the result of learning through research that companies serving customers with a higher purpose outperformed those that focused on market leadership and profitability in the long run. 4) How is Zappos’ corporate culture maintained? zappos corporate culture maintained with several things but the most important thing that Hsieh was very interesting about creating a great website selling shoes, he was caring about his business, therefore, he created an environment that is friendly, warm, exciting and build a positive team and family spirit. He believed in working hard and putting in the extra effort to get things done. In addition, he made sales at the beginning so people could know the website faster and make new customers. Hsieh tried to do something different that lead him to success, he tried to make Zappos different from a lot of other companies by being fun and being a little weird. He doesnt want to become one of those big companies that feel corporate and boring. His company culture is what makes the company successful, and in his team, they celebrate and embrace their diversity and each persons individuality. Hsieh wants people to express their personality in their work, so they can be more active and work better. 5) â€Å"The right culture with the right values will always produce the best organizational performance. † What do you think of this statement? Do you agree? Why or why not. Yes I agree with this statement because Tony Hsieh used very useful corporate values in his company to make it always successful. Also he treat his employees as one family and he gave them free food and create fun, and he always trying to have a strong relationship with them to allow them to accomplish much more than he would expected. Hsieh knows how to manage a business very good, he has the key for a lot of values to run a successful business. Also he is very honest with his customer and his employee so that way everyone will trust him, so by this way he will always be on the top and successful. 6) What could other companies learn from Tony Hsieh and Zappos’ experiences? Other companies should learn that Customer service is about making customers happy, company culture is about making employees happy, so let’s just simplify it and at the same time, amplify our vision for our customers, employees, and vendors. They have to learn from Hsieh because he introduced to positive psychology. So the team took a step back and looked at the science of happiness in order to develop the company’s next growth strategy, delivering happiness to the world. Also Hsieh said that happier employees lead to happier customers, and happier customers lead to better business overall, and that is true, and that is why he treated his employees as one big family. So all the companies should learn all the corporate values that Hsieh used to be successful in Zappos’.

Support Assessment for Learning free essay sample

Understand the purpose and characteristics of assessment for learning AC1. 1 Compare and contrast the roles of the teacher and the learning support practitioner in assessment of learners’ achievements. The main responsibility of the teacher is to monitor and assess how each pupil is progressing and report this information back to other staff and parents or carers. The teacher will plan the lessons and schemes of work that will set out clear intentions so that the childrens’ progress can be monitored. At RAAS our teachers always have the lesson title and learning objective on the board and this enables both the children and LSA to be aware of what the content of the lesson is and also what is expected of them. In some instances teachers will advise the LSA in advance and may give them a copy of the lesson plan. As the LSA is clear on what is expected this enables them to offer assistance to any pupils who require it. We will write a custom essay sample on Support Assessment for Learning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is the responsibility of the LSA to ensure that the pupil with which they are working is able to meet the learning objective and if they are struggling to ask the teacher to differentiate the work for them. If a situation arises where the pupil has been unable to achieve the learning objective then it may be necessary for the LSA to report this back to the teacher. AC1. 2 Summarise the difference between formative and summative assessment Using ongoing methods of assessment within the lesson is known as formative assessment and this enables both the teacher and LSA to determine if the pupil has been able to achieve the learning objective. Some of the methods used in formative assessment are as follows: Using open-ended questions Observing pupils Listening to how pupils describe their work and their reasoning Checking pupils’ understanding Engaging pupils in reviewing progress The other method of assessment used by teachers is known as summative assessment and this is usually done at the end of a scheme of work or end of term. Generally it will be in the format of an end of topic test or may be at the end of a Key Stage. At RAAS, for the majority of year groups, both interim and full end of year reports are sent home to parents and carers. Parents’ Evenings also occur once or twice a year at which time the teacher is able to give more in depth feedback. AC1. 3 Explain the characteristics of assessment for learning Assessment for learning informs and promotes the achievement of all pupils and inspires them to take responsibility for their own learning. This involves learning objectives being explained to pupils’ and they are then given feedback on their progress which in turn aids them in developing their self-assessment skills so that they are able to reflect on what they have been able to achieve. At RAAS many teachers use peer assessment as this is a good way to get the children to build up these skills and, in some cases, the LSA may also be involved by asking the student what they think has gone well during the lesson and what could be improved upon if they feel that they have not achieved the learning objective. AC1. 4 Explain the importance and benefits of assessment for learning Research has shown that there is a clear association between being part of the process of assessment and pupil motivation. Pupils who are actively involved with their progress will feel invested in their work and therefore will want to improve their performance, as they will feel that they have more ownership of their learning. This will help to boost their self-esteem and motivation. Students who feel that they are not part of the learning process are more likely to become disengaged and this will, in turn, lead to them losing interest in their learning. Effective feedback also ensures that adults are supporting more able as well as less able learners by giving them the tools to achieve to the best of their potential. Assessment for learning is a method which enables pupils to understand the aim of what they are doing and what they will need to do in order to reach their aim. In most cases SEN pupils are more likely to receive lower grades than their peers and this can be disheartening for them and could lead to a dip in their self-esteem. LSAs can be of great benefit in the assessment for learning process by giving the pupil continuous positive support and helping them to set an achievable goal. By doing this the pupil’s self-esteem will grow when they see themselves achieving the results they want to achieve and will continue to work positively. Explain how assessment for learning can contribute to planning for future learning carried out by: a. The teacher – effective assessment for learning enables them to pass on the responsibility to the pupil over time for managing their own learning, so that they will become more actively involved in the process. As the pupils move up the school it becomes imperative that they take this on board, particularly from Year 10 when the GCSE courses begin and through to Years 12 and 13 where much of the learning is done independently. b. The pupil – the process will inform them about how they approach learning and tackle areas on which they need to work. They will be able to consider areas for improvement by looking at the assessment criteria and develop their ability to self-assess. By taking this on board the pupils will also begin to realise when they need support and in turn ask the relevant member of staff to assist them. c. The learning support practitioner – assessment for learning informs the LSA how to approach pupil questioning based on how the pupil learns. When an LSA works closely with an SEN pupil they are usually able to see where the pupil needs support and prompt them so that they ask for support themselves. The LSA may need to pace the progress of the pupil depending on their needs, so that they are given the opportunity to return to areas that may not have been clear to them before. Be able to use assessment strategies to promote learning AC2. 1 Obtain the information required to support assessment for learning When we talk about assessment opportunities and strategies this refers to the occasions, approaches and techniques used for ongoing assessment during learning activities. The information that is required is as follows: The learning objectives for the activities The personalised learning goals for individual learners The success criteria of the learning activities The assessment opportunities and strategies relevant to own role in the learning activities Pupils will need to be clear about what they are going to learn and how they will be assessed, at the start of any activity. The learning objective will be clearly displayed on the board by the teacher at the beginning of the lesson and if they are to do an assessment this will also be explained to the pupils. The LSA will ensure that the pupils who have SEN assistance have written down the learning objective and that they know how to go about completing the task. As well as the learning objective, pupils will need to think about their own personalised learning goals, which can be found on IEPs for SEN children, so that they can include them in this process. As pupils take on more responsibility for their learning they will also find it easier to look at the learning objectives to see whether they have been able to achieve them during the lesson or assessment. The majority of subjects do have target/achievement sheets which are put in to the pupils book so they are able to record all this information in one place. This is extremely beneficial to the student as they have everything in one place and are able to see what they may need to do to improve. AC2.2 Use clear language and examples to discuss and clarify personalised learning goals and criteria for assessing progress with learners As previously mentioned, most children in secondary school will have target sheets that are fixed into their exercise books which enables them to keep track of how they are progressing. Where an LSA is working with a child who requires additional assistance, they will make sure that the child understands what is required of them and what the outcome of the activity should be. Should they still be confused then the LSA will give further explanation or the teacher may give differentiated work for them. Targets will normally be updated half termly. AC2. 3 Use assessment opportunities and strategies to gain information and make judgements about how well learners are participating in activities and the progress they are making To be able to keep track of how pupils are progressing, it would be useful to have a checklist which might include the some or all of the following. Ensure pupils understand the learning objectives and any individual learning targets so that they can assess their own progress to meeting these as they proceed. Talk to pupils about what they have to do and if they are required to hand any work in. Inform pupils how they will be assessed and ensure that they understand. If you are able to, give examples of work completed by other students so that the learner is able to see what format the assessment will take. Give individual support and positive feedback all the time that the pupils are working. Make sure that there are opportunities for self-assessment or peer-assessment. Encourage the learner to reflect and comment on their work before handing it in or discuss it with their teacher. Often, during the maths lessons at RAAS students will have a regular times’ tables test and this is a prime example of a good opportunity to monitor a student’s progression. Depending on the result they have achieved one week the LSA is able to encourage them to aim for a higher mark the following week. Should they achieve a better result in that following week, this should be met with lots of positive feedback. If they have not achieved the result that they wanted then the student should be encouraged to look at where they went wrong and then offer them suggestions as to how this could be rectified in time for the next test. AC2. 4 Provide constructive feedback to learners to help them understand what they have done well and what they need to do to develop So that assessment for learning is effective, it is vital that children receive useful feedback from adults which focuses on strengths as well as supporting and guiding them through any difficulties they may have. Feedback should give them information concerning their performance, is delivered in a positive manner and is factual. There are different types of feedback which should be given to pupils during and after learning activities. Affirmation feedback – this should be delivered as soon as possible: â€Å"Well done, you have remembered to include all the points we discussed! † These positive comments boost the learner’s confidence and will help to motivate them. Developmental feedback – this lets the pupil know what they will need to do next time, for example: â€Å"Try to remember to get all the equipment you will need before starting the activity. † Both types of feedback can be written or oral, but it must be given as soon after the activity as possible for it to have the most benefit to the child. If it is fed back to the child after a long period of time the child will find it more difficult to apply to their learning, and they may even have forgotten what was said. AC2. 5 Provide opportunities and encouragement for learners to improve upon their work An important part of assessment for learning is that student’s progress will be measured against their own previous achievements rather than being compared with those of other students. Their learning should be set at a level which makes sure that they are building on what they learn. They should be starting from a point of previous understanding and then expanding their learning to take in new information. It will be beneficial for students to discuss previous learning experiences to amalgamate what they know and reinforce their understanding before moving on to take in new concepts and ideas. The LSA is in the perfect position to encourage and motivate pupils, especially if they are struggling to understand. It is also vital that you show that you believe in them and that you are there to support them in everything they do. The LSA may need to differentiate what the pupils have been asked to do in order to help them if they have low self-esteem, or need to learn in a way which has been adopted previously and worked for them. Be able to support learners in reviewing their learning strategies and achievements AC3. 1 Use information gained from monitoring learner participation and progress to help learners to review their learning strategies, achievements and future learning needs It is assumed that reviewing of learning will be done at the end of the lesson or scheme of work, however it is more beneficial if this can be more of an ongoing process and done throughout the learning sessions. Obviously, depending on how the teacher has planned the lesson it may not be feasible for the LSA to review the work with the student during the activity. Additionally, the LSA may have more than one child to support during the lesson and this is where timing difficulties can arise. Pupils need to become independent learners as they reach years 7, 8, 9 and upwards and so must be able to check their work against the learning objectives. Open ended questions are also a great way for pupils to recognise their progress in relation to their own previous achievements. AC3. 2 Listen carefully to learners and positively encourage them to communicate their needs and ideas for future learning There are several methods that can be used to check on pupils’ learning, and some of these are listed below: Traffic light system – for children who have special educational needs this system works well, and we encourage children at RAAS to use it. Our students are all given a prep diary and within it are pages coloured red, orange and green and depending on how the child is getting on they will display the relevant page. This is most useful as it means they can alert the LSA without disturbing the teacher. Foggy bits – students are given the opportunity to write down or express the parts of the lesson which they have struggled with. Write a sentence – pupils are able to put a summary sentence together at the end of a learning activity or scheme of work that contains all the key points that they have learned. Some children at RAAS will struggle with this and therefore the LSA will assist with this. Talk/partner review – pupils talk to their partner about their learning and parts of the work that they enjoyed or found challenging. They can also do this at the beginning of the lesson to see what they already know. Post-it Notes/whiteboards – pupils can write down on Post-it Notes or whiteboards what they have learned, what they have found easy and what they have found hard. AC3. 3 Support learners in using peer assessment and self-assessment to evaluate their learning achievements If pupils are aware why they are doing something it is far more likely that they will want to learn. The learning objectives must be clear and written in language that is age and ability appropriate. Older children can find self-assessment challenging, however it is important that they understand that assessment is part of a process which they need to be involved in. It is beneficial to start using peer assessment to encourage learners to think about their learning aims. It is important that the LSA makes it clear to the pupil why they are taking part in the peer or self-assessment and they should be asked what they think they are doing and why it will be beneficial to them. This often takes place at RAAS, mainly in English lessons, and the children have to write a â€Å"what went well† statement followed by an â€Å"even better if†¦.. † statement. This is of great help to the student as they are able to get a picture of whether they are in line with their peers and also if they are achieving what the class teacher is asking of them. AC3. 4 Support learners to: AC3. 4a reflect on their learning – pupils will need to be encouraged to think about and reflect on their learning while it is taking place and not just when they have completed their work. This is due to the fact they, and also the LSA, need to be aware of how they are to tackle the activity at hand in the best way. By using effective questioning the LSA is able to check that the pupil understands what the objective is and the best way in which to achieve it. AC3. 4b identify the progress they have made – it is important that the LSA or class teacher check that the pupil is able to recognise the progress that they have made and this can be done by using peer or self-assessment, as already mentioned, or they could question the child on what they feel they have learnt. It may be a good idea to set aside a few moments at the end of the lesson where a discussion can take place with the child about this or to look back to previous assessment results to see what improvement has been made. AC3. 4c identify their emerging needs – if the peer and/or self-assessment process takes place then the child should soon be able to see what areas they need to work on in order to achieve better results, however it may be evident to the LSA that they need some support to realise this and a helping hand should be given in these situations. AC3.  4d identify the strengths and weaknesses of their learning strategies and plan how to improve them strengths and weaknesses can be discussed with the pupil by looking at incorrect ideas and asking them how they decided upon this method and what led them to the answer that they gave. This can be challenging for some and by taking a more positive approach the child will hopefully see it as more of an opportunity as to what they can do next time rather than thinking that they will never get it right. Where the child has not struggled and achieved well, positive feedback must always be given. Be able to contribute to reviewing assessment for learning AC4. 1 Provide feedback to the teacher on: AC4. 1a learner participation and progress in the learning activities – at RAAS we are able to work quite closely with the majority of the teachers, and so have opportunities to talk to them about how best to present the learning activities to the children. I have had very recent experience of this with a PSHE lesson whereby both the teacher and I realised that the activity that was planned for the next week’s lesson would not be suitable for them and so the teacher amended the activity to something more appropriate. When the next lesson took place the children responded brilliantly to the activity. Being able to have this dialogue with the teacher is so valuable and means that we are both supporting the children in the best way possible. Some LSA’s at RAAS do take children out of lessons for a 1 to 1 session on a regular basis and being able to see how the child works within this time, for example what works and what doesn’t work, can be fed back to the teacher to help them with their planning. This is generally with statemented children and so is valuable when that statemented child is present in the mainstream lesson as it will enable them to achieve more within that lesson. AC4. 1b learners’ engagement in and response to assessment for learning – as mentioned above in 4. 1a this can be achieved by the LSA having a discussion with the class teacher at the end of the lesson to advise on how well the child engaged in the activity. It may not be possible to speak directly with the teacher after every lesson so; perhaps, a quick email as soon after the lesson may suffice to advise on any difficulties encountered. AC4. 1c learners’ progress in taking responsibility for their own learning in due course children will be expected to be responsible for their own learning, however this does not come easily to all in the early years of senior school. You will find that in year 7 children will find it a lot more difficult and require a lot more support, from both teachers and LSA’s, than a child in year 11 or 12/13. At RAAS the LSA’s run a â€Å"prep support† club every afternoon once school finishes. This enables those younger students, who may be struggling to get their work done at home, to spend time with LSA’s who are able to support them and guide them in the right direction to achieve their tasks to the best of their ability. As the students’ move up the years it is found that they require this assistance less and less until they are able to organise themselves independently. Use the outcomes of assessment for learning to reflect on and improve own contribution to supporting learning Once the learning activities have been completed it is vital that the outcomes of assessment for learning are reviewed so that you can judge whether the way in which the process has been approached was successful. You should be able to check that it has helped pupils to become more independent in their learning and has had an impact on what they have learned. This is also a good point at which the LSA should look back on what has been learned whilst supporting pupil learning, so that their approach can be amended, if necessary. If it is deemed that some changes should be made then the LSA may wish to think about the following points: How the pupils were questioned and encouraged them to look closely at the assessment criteria How feedback was given to the pupils How the LSA supported the pupils with both peer and self-assessment It is also a good idea to discuss the pupils’ responses to the process with the teacher to see how they have managed, as some will have found it easier than others: the teacher may have some ideas as to how this may be developed. Depending on the ages and needs of the learners, the use of peer or self-assessment may need to be changed.

Gun Powder essays

Gun Powder essays Gunpowder had its origin in China way back in the 7th century. Though most historians confirm that the Chinese were the first to discover it we are not able to ascribe the discovery to any single person. While some say that the Chinese alchemists discovered gunpowder (also known as black powder) there is another story that states that a Chinese cook accidentally stumbled upon it when he mixed up certain chemicals in this cooking vessel. Initially the Chinese used gunpowder only in fireworks though gradually gunpowder began to be used for military purposes. The Chinese used to stuff it inside bamboo sticks called as pao chuk' and used it in their warfare. [5thofNovember]. By the turn of the fourteenth century gun powder technology had spread to every country in the world and since that time it has been used as the main propellant for fireworks until the nineteenth century when nitro cellulose began to replace it. The general composition of gunpowder is 75% of sodium nitrate (saltpeter), 15% charcoal and 10% of sulphur. [Dept of Ordinance and Gunnery]. That the Chinese knew the gun powder as early as the 9th century is attested by the following text from one of the earliest Chinese books Classified Essentials of the Mysterious Tao of the True Origins of Things' by Chen Yuan Miao Tao Yao (850 A.D), "Some have heated together sulphur, realgar, and saltpetre with honey; smoke (and flames) result, so that their hands and faces have been burnt, and even the whole house (where they were working) burned down" [Joseph Needham]. The first ever evidence of Gunpowder in the western world is from the text Liber Ignum' (The book of fire 1280 A.D) by Marcus Graecus where he explains the composition of gunpowder, "The second kind of flying fire is made in this way. Take 1 lb. of native sulfur, 2 lb. of linden or willow charcoal, 6 lb. of saltpeter, which three thing are very finely p...

Youth and the media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Youth and the media - Essay Example Media plays a vital role to build the mind setup of the youth. There are many negative aspects of media on thinking and behavior of youth which led to the social crimes. Most of youths are influenced by the unnatural events and happenings projected in media which paved the youth away from the real life. Music, style of clothing and life styles are the common traits youth adopt from the media. With increasing crimes rates by the youth there is need to bring quality, supervised and literate media content. Relation between Youth and the media Circuit of culture and youth identity In the area of cultural the most commonly used theory is the circuit of culture. According to this theory, while studying a cultural text or artifact, five aspects are commonly taken under considerations that are: its representation, identity, production, consumption and regulation. This theory was designed by a group of theorist in 1997 when studying the walkman cassette player. In the beginning of 1955, the r ock n roll has got the commercial prominence. The common concept about rock n roll is that it is the music of fantastic and freakish performers, amplified guitars and aggressive lyrics. It is the collision of African-American R&B (rhythm and blues) and white country music. These musical styles were eagerly received by the teenagers. A Latin industry claimed that the music had only become controversial because "the [white] pop kids started buying the R&B disks and playing them at home" (Martin and Segrave, p.17). Rock n roll replaced the sub cultures like the English mods and skinheads and the French yeh yehs to the prominent and raising sounds of Jamaican reggae, South African mbaqanga, Balkan turbo folk and Algerian rai. Style of clothing and music, language and behavior are so closely associated with it. It provided adolescents for a common sense of identity. Various youth behaviors are associated with the rock n roll. This music has evolved with every decade. In every decade yout h's trend towards rock n roll arises. The youth culture is categorized as: The silent generation: this generation has the experience of harsh realities of war and weak economy. The laid down the way for civil rights and rock n roll. Baby boom generation: this generation enjoyed the most idyllic images of American family life. As they grew up the idealism paved the way for materialism. Generation X: this generation grew up with uncontrolled and abundant rate of divorce, irresponsible behavior for career and jobs, electric rise in street crimes and unsupervised afternoons. They are responsible for hip-hop explosion. Generation Y/Millennial: this generation never experienced their so good and bad at the same time. Child welfare back up the national agenda from vaccination to childcare but at the same time school violence and trends towards drugs are also remarkable raised. Youth are referred as post- adolescent and pre-adult generation. The young people between the age of 15 and 24 are considered as the primary engine for the global media growth. In fact, youth are the most technology and media literate group of their societies. The involvement of youth in new media technology results in the industrialism and mass produced culture and sky rocketing raise in economy. Youth are being empowered by new cultural opportunities. Youth culture cannot be separated from political economy. After Second World War the youth the current generation is often described as the most oppressed. It has been the tough decade for the youth. The youth culture commonly includes language, music and dress styling. These all are in varying combination to establish an identity. All three aspects have its own importance in youth identity. The